15 Bishoujo Hyouryuuki is the brainchild of adult game creator Takahiro and anime character designer Kuroda Kazuya. The name is a wordplay on the Japanese title (15 Shounen Hyouryuuki) for Two Years' Vacation, a children's adventure story by Jules Verne. Toei Animation adapted 15 Shounen Hyouryuuki into a 1982 movie, and Nippon Animation remade the story into a 1987 television special.

Like the original story and its two anime remakes in the 1980s, the new 15 Bishoujo Hyouryuuki project centers on 15 young students who are stranded on a deserted Pacific island by a tumultuous storm. Unlike the previous versions, 15 Bishoujo Hyouryuuki will feature 15 girls instead of 15 boys.